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SCIENCE


END






Integrated Science
Basic six(6)
Note (1)

SOURCES AND FORMS OF ENERGY

ENERGY
Is the ability to do work.

Energy is measured in Joules
Energy sources are the things we get energy from.

Some sources of energy include:

1. Solar energy (the sun as source of energy)

The sun is the basic source of energy to all living things. Heat and light energy required by plants and animals during the day is provided by the sun.

 2. Food as source of energy

Human beings and all other living things depend on food to live and grow. The food is the *fuel* for living organisms.

3. Dry cell/ battery as source of energy

Dry cells or batteries produce electrical energy which gives heat and light. They are used to power some household appliances such as radio,television, remotes etc

4. Firewood and charcoal as source of energy for cooking

Burning firewood or charcoal produces heat energy which is used to cook food or heat water

Integrated Science
Basic six(6)
Note two(2)

5. Fuel or crude oil as a   source of energy

Crude oil( petroleum products) is a source of energy in machines and vehicles such as cars, trains,buses, aeroplanes etc.

6. Water as a source of energy

Flowing or moving water has energy. When a river is dammed, the water behind the dam has energy as it falls over the dam and can be used to generate electricity.  Akosombo dam, Bui dam and Kpong dam are examples of using water to generate electricity.

7. Wind as a source of energy

Wind is air in motion. Wind is a source of kinetic energy. *Kinetic energy* is the energy possessed by a body by virtue of its motion. Wind mills are used to generate electricity in certain parts of the world.

The various energy sources can be grouped into two(2) main groups. These are:

1.Renewable energy source

2. Non- renewable energy source

 Renewable energy sources
i. These are energy sources that are not depleted( do not run out) after use.
2. This is because they can be replaced within a human's life time
3. Renewable sources of energy include:
(a) Hydropower
(b) solar energy
(c) wind energy
(d) Trees(lumber) etc


Integrated Science
Basic six( 6)
Note three ( 3 )
Non- renewable energy source
Non-renewable  energy sources are energy source that get depleted (run out) after use. This is because they cannot be replaced within a human's life time.

 Examples of non - renewable energy sources include

 Fossil fuel: These are formed from the decomposed remains of prehistoric plants and animals. Examples are Crude oil, natural gas, coal

a) crude oil (petroleum) consists of diesel, kerosene , petrol, aviation fuel.

b) Battery : it contains chemical which is converted to electrical energy.

c) Uranium - it is a special metal which is used as the main fuel in device called nuclear reaction to produce heat energy.

d) Food : it provides the body with energy when eaten

 Difference between renewable and non-renewable energy sources


 Renewable energy
* it does not run out after use
* it can be replaced within a humans life time.
*No harm is done to the environment as a result of its use
*Non-renewable
*runs out after use
*it cannot be replaced within a human's life time
*Great harm is done to the environment as a result of use.





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