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I.C.T

Basic Computer Terms

CPU

 Central processing unit; the brain of the computer; controls the other elements of the computer

 Disk Drive

 A peripheral device that reads and/or writes information on a disk

 Hard Drive

 A device (usually within the computer case) that reads and writes information, including the operating system, program files, and data files

 Keyboard

 A peripheral used to input data by pressing keys

 Modem

 A peripheral device used to connect one computer to another over a phone line

 Monitor

 A device used to display information visually

 Mouse

 A peripheral device used to point to items on a monitor

 NIC

 Network interface card; a board inserted in a computer that provides a physical connection to a network

 Printer

 A peripheral device that converts output from a computer into a printed image

 Software
     - Instructions executed by a computer -

Applications

 Complete, self-contained programs that perform a specific function (ie. spreadsheets, databases)

 Bit

 A computer's most basic unit of information

 Boot

 The process of loading or initializing an operating system on a computer; usually occurs as soon as a computer is turned on

 Browser

 A program used to view World Wide Web pages, such as Netscape Navigator or Internet Explorer

 Bug

 A part of a program that usually causes the computer to malfunction; often remedied in patches or updates to the program

 Byte

 Small unit of data storage; 8 bits; usually holds one character

 Click

 Occurs when a user presses a button on a mouse which in turn, generates a command to the computer

 Database

 A large structured set of data; a file that contains numerous records that contain numerous fields

 Diskette

 A small flexible disk used for storing computer data

 Double Click

 Occurs when a user presses a button on the mouse twice in quick succession; this generates a command to the computer

 Download

 Transferring data from another computer to your computer

 Drag

 Occurs when a user points the mouse at an icon or folder, presses the button and without releasing the button, moves the icon or folder to another place on the computer where the button is released

 Driver

 Software program that controls a piece of hardware or a peripheral

 FAQ

 Frequently asked question; documents that answer questions common to a particular website or program

 File

 Namable unit of data storage; an element of data storage; a single sequence of bytes

 Folder

 A graphical representation used to organize a collection of computer files; as in the concept of a filing cabinet (computer's hard drive) with files (folders)

 Freeware

 Software provided at no cost to the user

 Gigabyte

 1,073,741,824 bytes or 1,024 megabytes; generally abbreviated GB

 GUI

 Graphical user interface; uses pictures and words to represent ideas, choices, functions, etc.

 Icon

 A small picture used to represent a file or program in a GUI interface

 Internet

 A network of computer networks encompassing the World Wide Web, FTP, telnet, and many other protocols

 IP number

 Internet protocol; a computer's unique address or number on the Internet

 Kilobyte

 1,024 bytes; usually abbreviated KB

 Megabyte

 1,048,576 bytes or 1,024 kilobytes; enough storage to approximately equal a 600 page paperback book; generally abbreviated Mb

 Memory

 Any device that holds computer data

 Menu

 A list of operations available to the user of a program

 Network

 A collection of computers that are connected

 Peripheral

 Any of a number of hardware devices connected to a CPU

 RAM

 Random access memory; the type of storage that changes; when the computer is turned off, the RAM memory is erased

 ROM

 Read-only memory; the type of storage that is not changed even when the computer is turned off

 Scroll Bar

 Allows the user to control which portion of the document is visible in the window; available either horizontally or vertically or both

 Shareware

 Software provided at a minimal cost to users who are on their honor to send in payment to the programmer

 Spreadsheet

 A program arranged in rows and columns that manipulates numbers

 Tool Bar

 A graphical representation of program activities; a row of icons used to perform tasks in a program

 URL

 Uniform resource locator; the address of a site on the World Wide Web; a standard way of locating objects on the Internet

 Virus

 A deliberately harmful computer program designed to create annoying glitches or destroy data

 Window

 A screen in a software program that permits the user to view several programs at one time

 Word Processor

 A program that allows the user to create primarily text documents.


INTEGRATING ICT INTO LEARNING

Objectives
By the end of this unit, you will be able to
1. identify ICT tools
2. integrate ICT tools in specific learning areas
3. state the benefits of using ICT in teaching and learning.

 Introduction
Today, learning is not only confined to the limits of books, but also extends to automated tasks and improved learning using computers.

 There are multiple applications that you can install on your computer to make learning easier and more efficient. 

 Identifying ICT tools

 ICT tools
There are several ICT tools available that can be used in teaching and learning various subjects in the classroom. Some of these include;

  • mobile phones
  • personal computers
  • telephone
  • radio
  • digital camera
  • television 
Integrating ICT tools into specific learning areas
ICT tools has been integrated in education to improve and enhance teaching and learning. Examples of areas in education that ICT has been integrated include Mathematics, English and Science among others. 

  • Mathematics
Two most useful ICT utilities that help you with mathematics are Microsoft Excel and the calculator. Ms. Excel allow users to perform complex calculations in few seconds using functions and formulas.

You do not even need to type the entire calculation method. Simply click on the data and click an icon to perform the calculation.

Students can also learn by watching television. There are many eductive programs and even dedicated educative channels that can be used to enhance learning.

  • English Language
ICT can be used to improve the learning of English through the medium of radio. You can listen to plays, commentaries, and music on the radio, Mp3 players and Ipods. All these improve your vocabulary and grammar. 

Microsoft Word corrects your grammar and spellings as you type. All errors are underlined in a curvy green or red line. This underlining makes you quickly identify your mistakes. Microsoft Word also provide suggestions to correct the mistakes. You can also build your vocabulary by looking up for synonyms of words.

  • Science
One of the major areas affected with the advent of ICT has been science. Even in the area of learning, science has improved many folds through the use of television and research tools, such as Encarta Encyclopedia. You can view National Science quiz on the television to improve you knowledge in science.
BENEFITS OF ICT IN TEACHING AND LEARNING
  • Distance education
ICT enable students to learn anywhere and anytime regardless of distance. 

  • Virtual learning
Virtual learning provides you with real-life environment to perform tasks required for a course.

  • Interactive tasks
Animations have greatly impacted the way education is provided. 

A typical example of an interactive task is this system where a teacher send notes to be uploaded unto this platform, offering students the opportunity to send their comments by way of questions or suggestions.

  • Learn at your own pace
Using a computer, each student can learn at his/her own pace. Slow learners can take their tie to understand a topic.



Sample question

Can technology help mitigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the educational system in Ghana?


follow the link below for futher reading on the above subject


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