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COMPUTING




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WEEK 7
LESSON NOTES BASIC 6

DATA, SOURCES AND USAGE

LEARNING INDICATORS
By the end of this lesson, learners should be able to:
        1. State what data is.
        2. Mention the types of data
        3. Differentiate data from information.
        4. Mention some of the sources of data
        5. Distinguish between primary data and
            secondary data.
        6. Understand the methods of collecting
            data.
        7. State the uses of data.

Copy the following into your notebook and study

DATA, SOURCES AND USAGE
Data is raw facts and figures.

When data is process into a meaningful form it is called information.
Data types include; Numbers, Text, Pictures, Audios, Videos etc.

SOURCES OF DATA OR INFORMATION
Sources of data are places where we get data or information from.

Data can be obtained from;
1. Primary sources
2. Secondary sources

PRIMARY SOURCES OF DATA
Primary data is ‘First-hand information’ that is collected directly by the one who needs the data or the researcher.

(A) Methods of collecting primary data
Primary can be collected through the following methods:
  •  Questionnaires
  •  Survey
  •  Interviews
  •  Observation
  •      Case Study
SECONDARY SOURCES OF DATA
Secondary data is ‘Second-hand information’ that is collected from already available data.

(B) Methods of collecting secondary data
Secondary data can be collected through the following methods:
  •  Newspapers
  •  Internet
  •  Magazines
  •  Books
  •      Journal articles
QUALITIES OF A USEFUL DATA OR INFORMATION
1. The data should be accurate and be without mistakes.
2. The data should be more reliable.
3. The data should be up to date.
4. The source of the data should be trusted.


USES OF DATA
1. Data is used to plan for the future.
2. Data is used to improve upon products and services.
3. Data is used to analyze and solve problems.

4. Data is used to get information





WEEK 8

LESSON NOTES BASIC 6



INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES, ALGORITHMS AND DATABASES



LESSON 1



LEARNING INDICATORS

By the end of the lessons learners should be able to:
      1. Define programming.
      2. State the types of programming languages.
      3. Understand what binary digits or codes are.
      4. Understand what program syntax is.
      5. Explain the types of programming languages.
      6. Give the full meaning of BASIC, COBOL and FORTRAN

Copy the following into your notebook and learn.


INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES, ALGORITHMS AND DATABASES
Programming is the act of writing computer codes to instruct the computer to solve a problem.

TYPES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
There are basically two types of computer programming languages given below:
1.    Low level language
2.    High level language

1.   LOW-LEVEL-LANGUAGES
Low level languages are programming languages that are very close to machine codes.

The program instructions written in these languages are in binary form (that is 0s and 1s).

The examples of low-level languages are:
A) Machine language
B)  Assembly language

A) MACHINE LANGUAGES
In Machine language, binary digits of 0s and 1s are used in writing programs that can be understood directly by the computer without translating them.

Machine language is the fundamental language of the computer.

This language is different for different computers.

It is not easy to learn the machine language.

B)  ASSEMBLY LANGUAGES
It is another low-level programming language because the program instructions written in this language are close to the machine language.

In assembly language, a programmer writes instructions using symbolic codes instead of binary codes.

Symbolic codes are meaningful abbreviations such as SUB for substation operation, MUL for multiply operation and so on.

The set of program instructions written in assembly language are also called mnemonic code.

2.   HIGH-LEVEL-LANGUAGES
High-Level-Languages are programming languages that are written close to human languages (example like English language).

The program instructions are written using English words, for example print, input etc.

But each high level language has its own rule and grammar for writing program instructions. These rules are called syntax of the language.
The program written in high level language must be translated to machine code to run it.

EXAMPLES OF HIGH-LEVEL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
(a)      BASIC (Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code)
(b)      FORTRAN (Formula Translation)
(c)       COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language)
(d)      Pascal
(e)      C
(f)        C++
(g)      Java


WEEK 10
COMMPUTING FOR BASIC 6
LESSON NOTES
Copy the following into your notebook and study
Watch the following video on Data Types for further explanation.


WEEK 15
LESSON NOTES
LEARNER ACTIVITIES
By the end of the lessons learners should be able to:
1. State what spreadsheet applications are.
2. Give some common examples of spreadsheet applications. 
3. Know how to launch Microsoft Excel application.
4. Explain the features and basic terminologies in Excel application.

Copy the following into your notebook and learn
 
 

Watch this video tutorials
WEEK 16
LESSON NOTES
LEARNER ACTIVITIES
By the end of this lessons learners should be able to;
1. Enter data in Microsoft Excel;
2. Define a formula and a function;
4. Know the symbols used in Excel for Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division;
5. Mention some examples of functions;
6. Identify cell ranges;
7. Enter formulas and functions in Microsoft Excel;
8. Know the difference between a formula and a function.

Copy the following into your notebook and learn


Watch this video tutorials on entering formulas in Excel

Continue with this video lessons on entering functions in Excel






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